Legal  Review

Why

To reduce or eliminate the costs and disruptions caused by failures to comply with applicable law or manage legal risks.

What

Examine the business’s legal compliance programs and exposure to legal risks and how they are being managed.  Identify action steps required to remedy known problems like: employee stock program violations, ERISA violations, lack of appropriate review of material contracts before execution and other common problem areas. Compliance programs are either strengthened or introduced.

The Process

The process starts with a meeting to discuss the scope of the work to be performed and your expectations, then moves on to who will be interviewed, the material to be reviewed and identification of any known concerns you have.  Next we enter into a client – lawyer relationship by signing a written engagement agreement which documents the scope of my work, explains the fees and defines the deliverables you will receive, either a written or verbal report and recommendations. 

The review starts with general descriptive information about your business such as offering memorandum, Form 10-K or business plan.  It proceeds to the entities founding documents (articles of incorporation, bylaws, minutes), material contracts such as loan agreements, stock purchase agreements, shareholder agreements, standard form contracts, employee handbook and benefit plan documents (stock option plan, bonus plan, other equity or incentive plans and their form agreements), hiring and firing process, performance management process and other categories of documents identified in the course of our interview or other work.

Interviews are conducted with senior executives in each major area of responsibility such as finance, human resources, manufacturing, sales, etc., and other managers in specific functional areas are added if necessary.

Legal invoices for the past two years are reviewed, as are litigation or claim files for all currently pending and recent material litigation.

Final fine choices of the people interviewed and materials reviewed are made, and the information gathered is assimilated and a report prepared. 

The Outcome

The review process typically results in the following:

1) Identification of specific problems which need to be fixed.  Examples might be a serious issue like a failure to comply with state of federal securities laws concerning stock option grants, or something as simple as needing to qualify the business to “do business” in a jurisdiction where it has actually been conducting its business for some time. 

2) Identification of business/legal process problems which can be changed to reduce liability or reduce costs.  An example would be the company sending fairly standard contracts out for review by outside counsel when an adequately trained a staff person could handle most of this routine work and refer only more technical or difficult issues to outside lawyers, therefore reducing costs and increasing the time efficiency of contract negotiation and formation.  Another example would be the failure to get patent assignment agreements with all engineering or research and development employees so patentable inventions are not pre-assigned to the company.

3) Suggestions for introducing more cost effective dispute resolution processes into business agreements, primarily the use of mediation and arbitration in place of civil litigation.

The legal review does not include the remediation of all problems identified in the course of the review.  Some problems, like those involving ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act – extremely complex pension legislation) may require a technical expert to fix.  Other problems, like managing the legal issues related to distribution channel agreements (sales agent, distributor, franchisee, etc.), may take more management and legal involvement to make appropriate choices and implement.